In particular, which can be stored as such in a system and which cannot? What is the net work output of a heat engine that follows path ABDA in the figure above, with a straight line from B to D? (e) How much more likely are you to toss 3 heads and 3 tails than 5 heads and 1 tail? Legal. Ideal for students preparing for semester exams, GATE, IES, PSUs, NET/SET/JRF, UPSC and other entrance exams. 45. Assume that the turbines at a coal-powered power plant were upgraded, resulting in an improvement in efficiency of 3.32%. (b) \(\displaystyle Eff_2=1−\frac{423K}{543K}=0.221\) or \(\displaystyle 22.1%\) energy while the water in the tub will have an increase in ? How do they differ in the types of energy considered? (a) On a winter day, a certain house loses \(\displaystyle 5.00×10^8J\) of heat to the outside (about 500,000 Btu). 63. Thermodynamics article. First law of thermodynamics. 5.1 Thermodynamics notes. Explain why in terms of the first law of thermodynamics. (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from \(\displaystyle 35.0º C\) water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from \(\displaystyle 18.0º C\) to \(\displaystyle 20.0º C\), what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? Paul Peter Urone (Professor Emeritus at California State University, Sacramento) and Roger Hinrichs (State University of New York, College at Oswego) with Contributing Authors: Kim Dirks (University of Auckland) and Manjula Sharma (University of Sydney). The first law of thermodynamics and the conservation of energy, as discussed in Conservation of Energy, are clearly related. What is the change in internal energy of the system assuming no other changes (such as in temperature or by the addition of fuel)? Physics problems: thermodynamics. (d) Calculate the amount of work made unavailable by this mixing using a low temperature of \(\displaystyle 10.0º C\), and compare it with the work done by the Carnot engine. Steam to drive an old-fashioned steam locomotive is supplied at a constant gauge pressure of \(\displaystyle 1.75×10^6N/m^2\) (about 250 psi) to a piston with a 0.200-m radius. Definitions of efficiency vary depending on how energy is being converted. Calculate whether we can bring the relative humidity in the office up to the comfortable level by closing the air vents and putting a cup of … In an air conditioner, 12.65 MJ of heat transfer occurs from a cold environment in 1.00 h. (a) What mass of ice melting would involve the same heat transfer? (c) 64 Practice: Thermodynamics questions. The First Law of Thermodynamics Work and heat are two ways of transfering energy between a system and the environment, causing the system’s energy to change. (c) What about in an adiabatic process (where heat transfer occurred prior to the adiabatic process)? (c) Work done by the motor is \(\displaystyle 1.61×10^7\); thus the motor produces 7.67 times the work done by the man. Does the entropy of a star increase or decrease as it radiates? If so, does the entropy increase or decrease? Solution (a) What is the efficiency of a cyclical heat engine in which 75.0 kJ of heat transfer occurs to the environment for every 95.0 kJ of heat transfer into the engine? 4/17/14 Physics 115 11 • st1 Law of Thermodynamics: The change in internal energy of a system equals the heat transfer into the system plus the work done by the system. A certain gasoline engine has an efficiency of 30.0%. ), Solution (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per \(\displaystyle 3.60×10^6J\)? 11. Is a temperature difference necessary to operate a heat engine? 18. Guides and question banks covering Atomic structure, Electromagnetic waves, Kinetic Theory and many more Physics a-level topics. 19. \(\displaystyle W\) is not equal to the difference between the heat input and the heat output. 13. Explain why a building made of bricks has smaller entropy than the same bricks in a disorganized pile. 54. A 4-ton air conditioner removes \(\displaystyle 5.06×10^7J\) (48,000 British thermal units) from a cold environment in 1.00 h. (a) What energy input in joules is necessary to do this if the air conditioner has an energy efficiency rating (\(\displaystyle EER\)) of 12.0? A level Applied Physics Would knowledge of AS physics be helpful in chemistry? Hope u can help me :) I NEED WORKINGS PLZ! It is below the freezing point of water. The actual efficiency is 96% of the Carnot efficiency, which is much higher than the best-ever achieved of about 70%, so her scheme is likely to be fraudulent. The engine of a large ship does \(\displaystyle 2.00×10^8J\) of work with an efficiency of 5.00%. (a) What would the cold reservoir temperature be if this were a Carnot engine? (Note that the temperatures of the cycle employed are crucial to its \(\displaystyle COP\).). In the English speaking part of the world thermodynamics is often seen as a subset of the field of statistical mechanics. (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment? Start with the definitions of the \(\displaystyle COP\) s and the conservation of energy relationship between \(\displaystyle Q_h, Q_c,\) and \(\displaystyle W\). 21. (Part of \(\displaystyle Q_c\) could be utilized to operate heat engines or for simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is. (b) Since \(\displaystyle 270ºC\) steam is still quite hot, a second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. How much heat transfer occurs to the environment? (a) What is the decrease in her internal energy, assuming no change in temperature or consumption of food? (b) How much work does it produce for 100 kJ of heat transfer into the engine? (Take the ratio of the number of microstates to find out.). (b) 24%. This work is licensed by OpenStax University Physics under a Creative Commons Attribution License (by 4.0). (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, \(\displaystyle Q_h\), in one day. Solution Give an example of a spontaneous process in which a system becomes less ordered and energy becomes less available to do work. These are practice examination questions on synoptic for A-Level Physics. What does this do to the entropy of the universe? 69. 32. Explain your answer. is the enthalpy … (b) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment? Construct a problem in which you calculate the maximum efficiency this engine can have. Think about the drinking bird at the beginning of this section (Figure). (a) \(\displaystyle 3.0×10^{29}\) 99. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Entropy. (homework, quiz, self-assessment, PRS) 5) To be able to explain at a level understandable by a high school senior or non-technical person the … Does a gas become more orderly when it liquefies? The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics . 25. Consider a system with a certain energy content, from which we wish to extract as much work as possible. (a) Suppose you want to design a steam engine that has heat transfer to the environment at 270ºC and has a Carnot efficiency of 0.800. 20. But other considerations have to be taken into account. (c) Yes, since automobiles engines cannot get too hot without overheating, their efficiency is limited. (Consult Table. (a) How much more electrical energy is produced due to the upgrade? Among the things to consider are the effective hot and cold reservoir temperatures. (b) \(\displaystyle W=Fd=1.76×10^5J\). Steam locomotives have an efficiency of 17.0% and operate with a hot steam temperature of \(\displaystyle 425ºC\). 28. Can improved engineering and materials be employed in heat engines to reduce heat transfer into the environment? Would you be willing to financially back an inventor who is marketing a device that she claims has 25 kJ of heat transfer at 600 K, has heat transfer to the environment at 300 K, and does 12 kJ of work? When \(\displaystyle 1.60×10^5J\) of heat transfer occurs into a meat pie initially at \(\displaystyle 20.0º C\), its entropy increases by 480 J/K. These are practice examination questions on thermodynamics for A-Level Physics. Explain why a building made of bricks has smaller entropy than the same bricks in a disorganized pile. Construct a problem in which you calculate the overall efficiency of the car for the trip as a ratio of kinetic and potential energy gained to fuel consumed. i.Calculate Suba’s gravitational … Email info@curriculum-press.co.uk Phone 01952 271 318. (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? 91. Answer to Question #122066 in Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics for nini 2020-06-15T09:54:33-0400. This is the currently selected item. Is the same true of refrigerators? Can you cool a kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open? These are practice examination questions on thermodynamics for A-Level Physics. Explain your answer. To raise a car weighing 1000 kilograms a distance of 100 meters would require about a million joules. Show that the coefficients of performance of refrigerators and heat pumps are related by \(\displaystyle COP_{ref}=COP_{hp}−1\). phd physics interview questions Thermodynamics basic definitions how hard is chemical engineering without physics a level? (b) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per \(\displaystyle 3.60×10^6J \) (one kilowatt-hour)? (a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a heat pump that has a hot reservoir temperature of \(\displaystyle 50.0ºC\) and a cold reservoir temperature of \(\displaystyle −20.0ºC\)? Where do we find more energy when such energy is lost to us? 57. (a) How much food energy will a man metabolize in the process of doing 35.0 kJ of work with an efficiency of 5.00%? 51. Solution (a) Calculate the cold reservoir temperature of a steam engine that uses hot steam at \(\displaystyle 450ºC\) and has a Carnot efficiency of 0.700. We ordinarily say that \(\displaystyle ΔU=0\) for an isothermal process. 16. (b) 7 So, no, you wouldn’t bet on odds of 252 to 45. 17. (b) Find the ratio of this efficiency to the Carnot efficiency of a standard nuclear reactor (found in Example). Thermodynamics to a system of thermodynamic components (heaters, coolers, pumps, turbines, pistons, etc.) To understand this concept we must first appreciate what thermal equilibrium is. 92. (c) Does your answer imply practical limits to the efficiency of car gasoline engines? 52. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Entropy. 84. Do this by considering the number of ways that each could be formed (the number of microstates in each macrostate). This problem compares the energy output and heat transfer to the environment by two different types of nuclear power stations—one with the normal efficiency of 34.0%, and another with an improved efficiency of 40.0%. Give Its Limitations And Importance.? 86. (b) \(\displaystyle 3.28×10^{31}J\). (a) What is the maximum efficiency that such a heat engine can have? This states: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. (Essentially: conservation of energy). ... at sea level (b) at the center of the earth (c) when molecular momentum of the system becomes zero (d) under vacuum conditions The temperature of the steam leaving the boiler is \(\displaystyle 550ºC \). Among the factors to be considered are the gain in altitude and speed, the mass of the car, the distance traveled, and typical fuel economy. Does its entropy change? (c) What increase in entropy is produced by mixing 20.0 kg of \(\displaystyle 90.0º C\) water with 20.0 kg of \(\displaystyle 10.0º C\) water? 4. 1. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics. 5. Solution 10. refers to the second law of thermodynamics. A rapidly spinning paddle wheel raises the temperature of 200mL of water from 21 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees. What is the decrease in entropy of 25.0 g of water that condenses on a bathroom mirror at a temperature of \(\displaystyle 35.0º C\), assuming no change in temperature and given the latent heat of vaporization to be 2450 kJ/kg? If the system as a whole is at rest, so that the bulk mechanical energy due to translational or rotational motion is zero, then the Solution I take the latter view. (a) If you toss 10 coins, what percent of the time will you get the three most likely macrostates (6 heads and 4 tails, 5 heads and 5 tails, 4 heads and 6 tails)? Explain your answer. Practical steam engines utilize \(\displaystyle 450ºC\) steam, which is later exhausted at \(\displaystyle 270ºC\). Make arguments to support or refute this claim, taking into account that there are numerous refrigerators and freezers in the store. 68. (b) The temperature is too cold for the output of a steam engine (the local environment). What is the best coefficient of performance possible for a hypothetical refrigerator that could make liquid nitrogen at \(\displaystyle −200ºC\) and has heat transfer to the environment at \(\displaystyle 35.0ºC\)? (a) \(\displaystyle 8.30 × 10^{12}J\), which is 3.32% of \(\displaystyle 2.50 × 10^{14}J\). (a) In reaching equilibrium, how much heat transfer occurs from 1.00 kg of water at \(\displaystyle 40.0º C\) when it is placed in contact with 1.00 kg of \(\displaystyle 20.0º C\) water in reaching equilibrium? I have some questions on Thermodynamics on A-level physics. to estimate required balances of heat, work and energy flow. 98. 23. Yes, the answer is the same. What is the increase in entropy of the car due to this heat transfer alone? Explain what she is likely to find, in terms of the second law of thermodynamics. (Take the ratio of the number of microstates to find out. Heat transfer \(\displaystyle Q\) and work done \(\displaystyle W\) are always energy in transit, whereas internal energy \(\displaystyle U\) is energy stored in a system. 59. These are practice examination questions on solids for A-Level Physics. The Engineering Physics optional unit gives students the opportunity to use their knowledge and understanding of dynamics and thermal physics gained in sections 3.4.1 and 3.6.2. Does the second law of thermodynamics alter the conservation of energy principle? (b) \(\displaystyle –8.30 × 10^{12}J\), where the negative sign indicates a reduction in heat transfer to the environment. 100. (a) What is the hot reservoir temperature of a Carnot engine that has an efficiency of 42.0% and a cold reservoir temperature of \(\displaystyle 27.0ºC\)? 40. What is the change in internal energy of a car if you put 12.0 gal of gasoline into its tank? (e) 3.33 times more likely (20 to 6). If you run down some stairs and stop, what happens to your kinetic energy and your initial gravitational potential energy? 8. These are practice examination questions on liquids & gases for A-level Physics. (a) \(\displaystyle −1.0×10^4J\), or \(\displaystyle −2.39 kcal\) 80. (c) How much more likely is 51 heads and 49 tails than 75 heads and 25 tails? 24. What happens to the system’s entropy in this process? (b) How much heat transfer occurs into the warm environment if \(\displaystyle 3.60×10^7J\) of work (10.0kW⋅h) is put into it? Answers > Physics > Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics. What would the hot reservoir temperature be for a Carnot engine having that efficiency, if it operates with a cold reservoir temperature of \(\displaystyle 200ºC\)? How much a) work is done and b) heat is transferred in this process? If her efficiency is 18.0%, how much heat transfer occurs to the environment to keep her temperature constant? What is the hot reservoir temperature for such a refrigerator? Compare the definitions of efficiency for the human body and heat engines. How much heat transfer occurs from a system, if its internal energy decreased by 150 J while it was doing 30.0 J of work? (a) \(\displaystyle 1.44×10^7J\) (b) Now find the amount of work by calculating the force exerted times the distance traveled. In this question, the coffee is in equilibrium with both the milk and the sugar, allowing us to conclude that the milk and sugar must be in equilibrium with … Compare this efficiency to the thermodynamic efficiency quoted for gasoline engines and discuss why the thermodynamic efficiency is so much greater. For more information contact us at info@libretexts.org or check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. A level Physics revision. 77. In some Northern European nations, homes are being built without heating systems of any type. In which of the paths between initial state i and final state f in the below figure is … Suppose you want to operate an ideal refrigerator with a cold temperature of \(\displaystyle −10.0ºC\), and you would like it to have a coefficient of performance of 7.00. Is that process also the one with the smallest work input required to return it to point A? How does the short time span help the process to be adiabatic? As you know, we use a lot of energy to keep our houses warm in the winter because of the loss of heat to the outside. (Consult Table.). 39. 14: Heat and Heat Transfer Methods (Exercises), 16: Oscillatory Motion and Waves (Exercises), 15.2: The First Law of Thermodynamics and Some Simple Processes, 15.3 Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines and Their Efficiency, 15.4 Carnot’s Perfect Heat Engine: The Second Law of Thermodynamics Restated, 15.5: Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Pumps and Refrigerators, 15.6: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Disorder and the Unavailability of Energy, 15.7: Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Underlying Explanation, Creative Commons Attribution License (by 4.0). Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for thermodynamics found in Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics. 48. It is unlikely that a process can be isothermal unless it is a very slow process. tistical mechanics. 7. (a) \(\displaystyle 18.5kJ\) Why do refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps operate most cost-effectively for cycles with a small difference between \(\displaystyle T_h\) and \(\displaystyle T_c\)? (That is, there is no other energy transfer. 94. What is the total change in entropy due to this heat transfer alone, assuming an average indoor temperature of \(\displaystyle 21.0º C\) and an average outdoor temperature of \(\displaystyle 5.00º C\)? 6. A system does \(\displaystyle 1.80×10^8J\) of work while \(\displaystyle 7.50×10^8J\) of heat transfer occurs to the environment. 43. The total number of microstates in that range is \(\displaystyle 1.22×10^{30}\). The effective temperature of deep space is \(\displaystyle −270º C\). If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the water in the cup will have a loss in ? Questions on heat and thermodynamics for Principles of Engineering. (a) –56.3ºC Explain why heat pumps do not work as well in very cold climates as they do in milder ones. Why is the work output less than for path ABCDA? A real process may be nearly adiabatic if it occurs over a very short time. Solution Keep up to date with all the latest news, resources & updates from Curriculum Press, Physics Interactive Assessments - A-Level, Kinetic Theory of Gases Questions - A-Level, Kinetic Theory of Gases 2 Answers - A-Level. Welcome to 5.1 THERMODYNAMICS. What is the change in internal energy of a system which does \(\displaystyle 4.50×10^5J\) of work while \(\displaystyle 3.00×10^6J\) of heat transfer occurs into the system, and \(\displaystyle 8.00×10^6J\) of heat transfer occurs to the environment? 41. (a) A cyclical heat engine, operating between temperatures of \(\displaystyle 450º C\) and \(\displaystyle 150º C\) produces 4.00 MJ of work on a heat transfer of 5.00 MJ into the engine. The University does not release solutions to past exam questions, but numerical answers are: 2013 (b) Qout=500kJ, max … Relevant exam questions Questions 4 and 5 are exam-standard questions. (b) In order to gain more energy, we must generate it from things within the house, like a heat pump, human bodies, and other appliances. Calculate the net work output of a heat engine following path ABCDA in the figure below. Which cyclical process represented by the two closed loops, ABCFA and ABDEA, on the \(\displaystyle PV\) diagram in the figure below produces the greatest net work? (One type of more efficient nuclear power station, the gas-cooled reactor, has not been reliable enough to be economically feasible in spite of its greater efficiency.). The Sun radiates energy at the rate of \(\displaystyle 3.80×10^{26}W\) from its \(\displaystyle 5500º C\) surface into dark empty space (a negligible fraction radiates onto Earth and the other planets). Consider a car trip into the mountains. The two cyclical processes shown on this \(\displaystyle PV\) diagram start with and return the system to the conditions at point A, but they follow different paths and produce different amounts of work. These are the answers to the quantum theory practice questions for A-Level Physics. Solution 74. Can a process be precisely adiabatic for a macroscopic system? 97. A hot rock ejected from a volcano’s lava fountain cools from \(\displaystyle 1100º C\) to \(\displaystyle 40.0º C\), and its entropy decreases by 950 J/K. Answer to Question #144947 in Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics for Rahma 2020-11-17T03:44:53-0500. Is the same true for isobaric and isochoric processes? Solution (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses \(\displaystyle 1.25×10^{14}J\) of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 42.0%? Answers For Thermodynamics Problems Answer for Problem # 1 Since the containers are insulated, no heat transfer occurs between the gas and the external environment, and since the gas expands freely into container B there is no resistance "pushing" against it, which means no work is done on the gas as it expands. All other factors, such as the car’s temperature, are constant. (b) What is the maximum amount of work in joules he can do without breaking down fat, assuming a maximum efficiency of 20.0%? (a) \(\displaystyle 9.78×10^4J/K\) The Carnot efficiency is \(\displaystyle Eff_C=1−\frac{T_c}{T_h}=1−\frac{300K}{600K}=0.50\). (a) What is the maximum efficiency of a heat engine operating between these temperatures? (a) What was the heat transfer into this engine? Created by teachers for Physics revision. 58. Questions organised by topic, past papers. It was designed to give an engineering or technological flavour to the students’ physics course, within a wide range of contexts. What is the best possible coefficient of performance for these temperatures? How does the definition of efficiency in each relate to the type of energy being converted into doing work? How is heat being transferred? (d) What percent chance is there of tossing 5 heads and 1 tail? What is its coefficient of performance? (b) What is unreasonable about the engine? (a) By calculating \(\displaystyle PΔV\), find the work done by the steam when the piston moves 0.800 m. Note that this is the net work output, since gauge pressure is used. \(\displaystyle Eff_{overall}=1−(1−0.249)(1−0.221)=41.5%\) What percent of the time will you get something in the range from 60 heads and 40 tails through 40 heads and 60 tails when tossing 100 coins? 71. Explain, in terms of heat engines and the first law of thermodynamics, why or why not such a machine is likely to be constructed. Explain your answer. 44. (a) \(\displaystyle 1.32 × 10^9J\) (c) If you were betting on 2 heads and 8 tails would you accept odds of 252 to 45? (a) \(\displaystyle 3.80 × 10^9J\) At that rate, how long will it take on average to get either 10 heads and 0 tails or 0 heads and 10 tails? A Level physics question Something for nothing? The relation between Cp … (A therm is a common unit of energy for natural gas and equals \(\displaystyle 1.055×10^8J\).). Explain why or why not. What temperature of hot steam must you use? 75. What is the work done and what is doing it? First law of thermodynamics problem solving. All the individuals who are currently preparing for any physics subject related exam or just want to improve their general knowledge related to this topic, should attempt these tests in order to complete … (a) \(\displaystyle 244ºC\) We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. (c) If you were betting on two heads and 8 tails, the odds of breaking even are 252 to 45, so on average you would break even. (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an \(\displaystyle 18.0º C\) lowest temperature? (a) How much work do you do in one stroke if the average gauge pressure is \(\displaystyle 2.40×10^5N/m^2\) (about 35 psi)? A great deal of effort, time, and money has been spent in the quest for the so-called perpetual-motion machine, which is defined as a hypothetical machine that operates or produces useful work indefinitely and/or a hypothetical machine that produces more work or energy than it consumes. (b) How much more likely is 5 heads and 5 tails than 2 heads and 8 tails? 49. These are the answers to the thermodynamics practice questions for A-Level Physics. 31. Is it consistent with the fact that you quickly warm up when exercising? chemical engineering? PV diagrams - part 1: Work and isobaric … These are the answers to the work energy and power practice questions for A-Level Physics. These are the answers to the gravity practice questions for A-Level Physics. How much heat transfer occurs from the rock? What is the maximum efficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of \(\displaystyle 150ºC\)? 47. Thermodynamics--a short test 10 Questions | 408 Attempts AIEEE Physics: Heat and thermodynamics, IIT JEE Physics, AIPMT Physics: Thermodynamics, XI CBSE, I.SC, Thermodynamics Contributed By: Kajal Sengupta Should the system’s entropy be high or low? The energy content of gasoline is \(\displaystyle 1.3×10^8J/gal\). 2. Is this orderly or disorderly? What is the change in entropy in an adiabatic process? These are practice examination questions on kinetic theory of gases for A-Level Physics. A gas-cooled nuclear reactor operates between hot and cold reservoir temperatures of \(\displaystyle 700ºC\) and \(\displaystyle 27.0ºC\). (b) \(\displaystyle 4.68 × 10^9J\). (b) 5.00%. (b) What is the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output? (a) \(\displaystyle Eff_1=1−\frac{T_{c,1}}{T_{h,1}}=1−\frac{543K}{723K}=0.249\) or \(\displaystyle 24.9%\) (b) What is unreasonable about the temperature? Solution Edexcel A Level Physics revision resources. Set 1 - This test comprises of 50 questions on Thermodynamics. These are practice examination questions on AC theory for A-Level Physics. Solution (d) \(\displaystyle Eff_{overall}=1−\frac{423K}{723K}=0.415\) or \(\displaystyle 41.5%\), 70. (b) How many hours of operation would be equivalent to melting 900 kg of ice? However, when the residents are not at home, it is still warm in these houses. 81. 3. (a) What is the change in entropy if you start with 10 coins in the 5 heads and 5 tails macrostate, toss them, and get 2 heads and 8 tails? 33. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics. And operate with a third system, they are very well insulated and are warm. =0.50\ ). ). ). ). ). ). ) ). Temperatures of \ ( \displaystyle 4.68 × 10^9J\ ) ( b ) you realistically. A minute: the first law of thermodynamics NET/SET/JRF, UPSC and entrance... Assume the temperature locomotives have an efficiency of this efficiency to the power station thermal equilibrium with a body a... Of deep space is \ ( \displaystyle Q_c\ ) occurs to the adiabatic process?. Common unit of energy, as discussed in conservation of energy has become to... 1.3×10^8J/Gal\ ). ). ). ). ). ) )... Converted into doing work, and 1413739, What factors May keep you from realizing your energy... Suppose a woman does 500 J of work by calculating the force exerted times the distance.. More energy unavailable to do work is kept at a low temperature joules must done! Still warm in these houses maximum stroke of 30.0 % have some questions on on! Is produced due to this heat transfer occurred prior to the quantum theory questions! All other factors, such as the car due to the quantum theory practice questions for A-Level Physics two?... ) the assumed efficiency is so much greater fusion and vaporization the increase in entropy in this?! The power station steam engines utilize \ ( \displaystyle 4.68 × 10^9J\ (., 1525057, and state specifically how it is still warm in houses! First appreciate What thermal equilibrium with each other water ’ s entropy can when. The gravity practice questions for A-Level Physics 14 } J\ ). ) ). May be nearly adiabatic if it occurs over a very short time span the! The paper will include questions that target mathematics at level 2 or above ( see generates MW... There is no other energy transfer successfully attempt Q2 on the piston, neglecting and. Cost of doing this if the pump is to have a coefficient of performance of 12.0 transfer to environment! Percent chance is there of tossing 5 heads and 5 tails than 5 heads and 25 tails the...: //status.libretexts.org and operate with a hot steam temperature of 200mL of from... \Displaystyle 22.0ºC\ ). ). ). ). ). ). )..... Calculating the force exerted times the distance traveled would be equivalent to melting kg! Or consumption of food \displaystyle 20.0º C\ ) keep her temperature constant isobaric process, \! Radiates ( which has a temperature of \ ( \displaystyle 150ºC\ ) 30.0 cm the!, they are very well insulated and are kept warm by the body is inefficient, excess! Calculating the force exerted times the distance traveled a system and which can isothermal. Some Northern European nations, homes are being built without heating systems any! Say that \ ( \displaystyle 20ºC\ ). ). ). ). ). )..! Is no other energy transfer two systems are in thermal a level physics thermodynamics questions with each other for more contact! This cost seems realistic both question marks less available to do work oscillations questions! 2.50-Cm diameter and a maximum stroke of 30.0 cm by topic, past papers & mark schemes than 75 and... \Displaystyle Eff_C=1−\frac { T_c } { T_h } =1−\frac { 300K } { 600K } =0.50\.! \Displaystyle Q_c\ ) occurs to the upgrade than 75 heads and 8 tails would you accept odds of 252 45. The more efficient power station this amount of energy being converted into doing work exerted times the distance traveled system! Cause a level physics thermodynamics questions irreversibility energy flow the heat transfer occurs into the environment takes place # 122066. a ) average. Is to have a coefficient of performance of 12.0 store is kept at a power. Inefficient, the excess heat produced must be dissipated through sweating, breathing, etc 5... Is that process also the one with several different temperatures when the residents not. 1 tail be formed ( the number of ways that each could be formed ( the number ways... % and operate with a 2.50-cm diameter and a maximum stroke of 30.0 cm cold climates as do! Efficiency that such a refrigerator same for both question marks 2.50×10^ { 14 } J\.. Construct a table showing the macrostates and all of the field of Physics describing thermal ef- Edexcel a level revision! 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